religious differences and the promise of wealth
Preserving natural areas in the United States was major debate at the turn of the century. Theodore Roosevelt was the major leader in preserving wilderness and was essential in creating the natural parks. While other politicians wanted to cut down trees to build cities and factories, naturalists wanted to save the natural beauty of the United States.
Capitalism is my best guess, considering it is one of the few forms of economy that allows mostly free production. Free enterprise could also be the answer.
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