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Marta_Voda [28]
2 years ago
6

Classify the source of market failure in each case listed.

Business
1 answer:
Len [333]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Market Power

Externality

Explanation:

A good has negative externality if the costs to third parties not involved in production is greater than the benefits. an example of an activity that generates negative externality is pollution. Pollution can be generated at little or no cost, so they are usually overproduced. Government can discourage the production of activities that generate negative externality by taxation. Taxation increases the cost of production and therefore discourages overproduction. Tax levied on externality is known as Pigouvian tax.

Government can regulate the amount of externality produced by placing an upper limit on the amount of negative externality permissible

Coase theorem has been proposed as a solution to externality. According to this theory, when there are conflicting property rights, bargaining between parties involved can lead to an efficient outcome only if the bargaining cost is low

The utility company is a monopoly

A monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry. there are usually high barriers to entry of firms. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.

An example of a monopoly is a utility company

A natural monopoly occurs due to the high start-up costs or a large economies of scale.

Natural monopolies are usually the only company providing a service in a particular region  

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A 10-year semi-annual coupon bond with an $1000 par value pays an annual coupon rate of 6% and the market requires 8% APR. What
arlik [135]

Answer:

Coupon= $30 per period.

20 period for semi annual coupon payment.

28.148% discount rate

Explanation:

1.) Coupon rate * face value of bond = coupon

semi annual rate =6%/2=3%

Coupon= 1000 *3%= $30 per period.

2.) t= number of periods = years of maturity * coupon payment semi-annual

t= 10 * 2 = 20 periods.

3. Discount rate formula =C+[(F-P)/t] / (F+P/2)

where C=coupon payment annual

F= face value of security

P=price of security= 1000 *8%=80

t= years of maturity.

so we have⇒ 60+[(1000-80)/10]/(1000+80)/2

=152/540

=28.148%

4 0
3 years ago
Part E14 is used by M Corporation to make one of its products. A total of 22,000 units of this part are produced and used every
murzikaleks [220]

Answer:

(29,800)

Explanation:

The computation of the financial advantage or disadvantage is shown below:

As we know that

Financial disadvantage = Cost of making - Cost of buying

where,

Cost of making is

= [(Direct material per unit + direct labor per unit + variable manufacturing overhead per unit) × units produced] + additional segment margin

= [($4.7 + $9.30 + $9.80 + $5.20) × 22,000 units] + $34,000

= ($29 × 22,000 units ) + $34,000

= $672,000

And, the Cost of buying is

= Units produced × offered price

= 22,000 units × $31.90

= $701,800

So,

Financial disadvantage is

= Cost of making - Cost of buying

= $672,000 - $701,800

= (29,800)

6 0
3 years ago
Suppose you are going to receive $13,200 per year for five years. The appropriate interest rate is 8.1 percent.
sertanlavr [38]

Answer:

a-1) Pv = 52549

a-2) Pv = 56822

b-1) Fv = 77570

b-2 Fv = 83878

Explanation:

b-1) Future value:

S= Sum of amount of annuity=?

n=number of fixed periods=5 years

R=Fixed regular payments=13200

i=Compound interest rate= .081 (suppose annualy)

we know that ordinary  annuity:

S= R [(1+i)∧n-1)]/i

   = 13200[(1+.081)∧5-1]/.081

    =13200(1.476-1)/.081

    = 13200 * 5.8765

  S  = 77570

a.1)Present value of ordinary annuity:

Formula: Present value = C* [(1-(1+i)∧-n)]/i

                                  =13200 * [(1-(1+.081)∧-5]/.081

                                 =13200 * (1-.6774)/.081

                                =13200 * (.3225/.081)

                                =52549

a.2)Present value of ordinary Due:

Formula : Present value = C * [(1-(1+i)∧-n)]/i   *  (1+i)

                                    =  13200 * [(1- (1+.081)∧-5)/.081   * (1+.081)

                                 = 13200  * 3.9822 *  1.081

                               =  56822

b-2) Future value=?

we know that:         S= R [(1+i)∧n+1)-1]/i ]  -R

                             = 13200[ [ (1+.081)∧  5+1 ]-1/.081]   - 13200

                           = 13200 (.5957/.081)   -13200

                         = (13200 * 7.3544)-13200

                         = 97078  -  13200

                       =  83878

5 0
3 years ago
SafeRide, Inc. produces air bag systems that it sells to North American automobile manufacturers. Although the company has a cap
iogann1982 [59]

Answer:

SafeRide, Inc.

a. The financial implications of accepting the order are that total production cost will increase by $315,000 with a corresponding increase in sales revenue of $540,000, and an increase in net income by $225,000.

b. Under full capacity, the total production cost will increase by $1,485,000 for adding additional facilities while the sales revenue would increase by $540,000, resulting to a loss of $945,000.

c. Under full-capacity circumstances, there is a financing disadvantage of accepting the order because the order will entail additional capacity and facilities, resulting to a loss of $945,000.

Explanation:

Annual production capacity = 300,000 units

Current production capacity = 180,000 units

Special order from a German manufacturer = 60,000 units

Special order price per unit = $9.00

Budgeted Costs For      180,000 Units  240,000 Units  Difference 60,000

Manufacturing costs

Direct materials                 $450,000           $600,000       $150,000

Direct labor                           315,000             420,000          105,000

Factory overhead              1,215,000           1,260,000           45,000

Total                                  1,980,000          2,280,000       $300,000

Selling and administrative 765,000              780,000            15,000

Total                              $2,745,000        $3,060,000        $315,000

Costs per unit

Manufacturing                       $11.00                  $9.50

Selling and administrative       4.25                     3.25

Total                                     $15.25                  $12.75

Selling price to North American manufacturers = $20 per unit

Financial implications of accepting the order:

Manufacturing costs

Direct materials                  $150,000

Direct labor                           105,000

Factory overhead                  45,000

Total                                  $300,000

Selling and administrative    15,000

Total                                  $315,000

Total cost per unit = $5.25 ($315,000/60,000)

Total manufacturing cost per unit = $5 ($300,000/60,000)

Increase in net income from accepting the order = $225,000 ($9.00 - $5.25) * 60,000

Manufacturing costs

Direct materials                  $150,000 (variable)

Direct labor                           105,000 (variable)

Factory overhead              1,215,000

Total                                $1,470,000

Selling and administrative    15,000 (assumed to be variable)

Total                               $1,485,000

Unit cost per additional unit = $24.75

4 0
3 years ago
As his company globalizes its business, Jordan faces cultural challenges related to differing ethical standards. To make ethical
tatyana61 [14]

Answer:

embrace transparency and conduct all negotiations as openly as possible.

Explanation:

Jordan's company is expanding to become a global company, so he needs to consider different cultures and government regulations.

To succeed he will need to be open about processes in the organisation as there will be different interpretations from different culture types when communication is not clear.

Also he needs to be transparent to build trust in his globally distributed team.

5 0
3 years ago
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