It is the opposite of democracy which is the rule of the people. Totalitarianism is the rule of one group therefore is similar to a dictatorship. Totalitarianism is a political system in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life wherever feasible. Another example is the Nazis government of Germany. Communism is a form of a totalitarian government. Marxism-Leninism is another example of Totalitarianism.
The swift population rise in the last 2,000 years was caused by an increase in agriculture--since this allowed for people to develop other skills and be healthier--all of which led to an increase in fertility rates.
I think that the most important thing you need to realize is that you are not falling behind, you are surviving a pandemic.
I believe it was Spain. they were the ones who discovered a lot during that time period.