Group translocation is a specialized type of active transport that moves substances across biological cells. In group translocation, substrates are chemically modified during transport across the cell membrane. An example of group translocation is the phosphotransferase system, which is used by bacteria for sugar uptake using phosphoenolpyruvate as the source of energy. This system removes the phosphate groups from phosphoenolpyruvate and adds these groups to glucose molecules in order to form glucose 6-P.
Very simple. At rest, you have a number of bpm. After exercise, the heart can't return abruptly to the rest speed, and it keeps a faster rate for a while.
