This is what i found "On September 27, 1940, the Axis powers are formed as Germany, Italy and Japan become allies with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Berlin. The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of the signatories suffer attack by any nation not already involved in the war. This formalizing of the alliance was aimed directly at “neutral” America—designed to force the United States to think twice before venturing in on the side of the Allies."
with a resource such as grain that was very common in egypt, trading it for resources not as common opens doors for bigger trading and more market. Wood became widely available and grain became available to others who traded in wood for it.