Vaccines work by training the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens, either viruses or bacteria. In order to do this, certain molecules from the pathogen need to be introduced into the body to trigger an immune response. These molecules are called antigens, and they’re present on all viruses and bacteria. Memory cells are then formed to remember the same pathogen for faster antibody production in future infections. Vaccinations increase the level of circulating antibodies against a certain antigen. Antibodies are produced by a type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) called B cells.
Scatter Radiation is a type of secondary radiation that occurs when the useful beam intercepts any object, causing some x-rays to be scattered. During an x-ray or fluoroscopic exam the patient is the most significant source of scatter radiation.Scatter radiation occurs as a result of the targeted beam striking objects, such as the patient's body, and reflecting a more harmful secondary radiation in all directions. One method of reducing the medical staff's exposure to this harmful scatter radiation is the implementation Infab's new Scatter Armor Shields.
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Diffusion, osmosis, or active transport.