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spayn [35]
3 years ago
9

Why the African struggle for independence

History
1 answer:
kvv77 [185]3 years ago
6 0
One of the most pressing challenges African states faced at Independence was their lack of infrastructure. ... The empires had built roads and railroads - or rather, they had forced their colonial subjects to build them - but these were not intended to build national infrastructures.
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How has the women's rights movement promoted the cause of human rights?
Iteru [2.4K]
One of the central principles of human rights law are non-discrimination and equality between women and men.It is the gender-related dimensions of the human rights<span> issues.</span>
Human rights are women’s rights.
The women's rights movement aims to eliminate gender discrimination and promote equality in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.
8 0
3 years ago
How did the Nazis inflict suffering on people in German-occupied Europe ?
Murljashka [212]

Answer:

They forced Jews to live in walled-off ghettos, where thousands died of disease and starvation. They killed homosexuals, disabled people, Gypsies, and other people they considered subhuman.

7 0
3 years ago
The half-life of polonium-218 is 3 min. if you start with 16 mg, how long will it be before only 1.0 mg remains?
babymother [125]
The decay equation is of the form
m(t) = m_{0} e^{-kt}
where
m(t) = the mass remaining after t minutes
m₀ =  the initial mass
k = constant

Because the half-life is 3 minutes, therefore
e^{-3k} = \frac{1}{2}
Therefore
-3k = ln(0.5)
k = ln(0.5)/(-3) = 0.231

Because m₀ = 16 mg, the time, t, for the mass to decay to 1.0 mg is given by
e^{-0.231t} =  \frac{0.1}{16} =0.00625 \\\\&#10;-0.231t = ln(0.00625) \\\\ t =  \frac{ln(0.00625)}{-0.231} =21.97 \, min

Answer: 22 min (nearest integer)

3 0
3 years ago
What were the ziggurats
iren2701 [21]

Answer:

_________________________

A ziggurat (/ˈzɪɡʊˌræt/ ZIG-uu-rat; Akkadian: ziqquratu,D-stem of zaqāru 'to protrude, to build high', cognate with other semitic languages like Hebrew zaqar (זָקַר) 'protrude' is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia. It has the form of a terraced compound of successively receding stories or levels. Notable ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah, the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad, the now destroyed Etemenanki in Babylon, Chogha Zanbil in Khūzestān and Sialk.

The biblical account of the Tower of Babel has been associated by modern scholars to the massive construction undertakings of the ziggurats of Mesopotamia, and in particular to the ziggurat of Etemenanki in Babylon in light of the Tower of Babel Stele describing its restoration by Nebuchadnezzar II.

The design of the ziggurat was probably a precursor to that of the pyramids of Egypt, the earliest of which dates to circa 2600 BCE.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ziggurats were built by ancient Sumerians, Akkadians, Elamites, Eblaites and Babylonians for local religions. Each ziggurat was part of a temple complex that included other buildings. The precursors of the ziggurat were raised platforms that date from the Ubaid period[9] during the sixth millennium. The ziggurats began as a platforms (usually oval, rectangular or square). The ziggurat was a mastaba-like structure with a flat top. The sun-baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside. Each step was slightly smaller than the step below it. The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance. Kings sometimes had their names engraved on these glazed bricks. The number of floors ranged from two to seven.

According to archaeologist Harriet Crawford, "It is usually assumed that the ziggurats supported a shrine, though the only evidence for this comes from Herodotus, and physical evidence is non-existent. It has also been suggested by a number of scholars that this shrine was the scene of the sacred marriage, the central rite of the great new year festival. Herodotus describes the furnishing of the shrine on top of the ziggurat at Babylon and says it contained a great golden couch on which a woman spent the night alone. The god Marduk was also said to come and sleep in his shrine. The likelihood of such a shrine ever being found is remote. Erosion has usually reduced the surviving ziggurats to a fraction of their original height, but textual evidence may yet provide more facts about the purpose of these shrines. In the present state of our knowledge it seems reasonable to adopt as a working hypothesis the suggestion that the ziggurats developed out of the earlier temples on platforms and that small shrines stood on the highest stages..." citation needed] Access to the shrine would have been by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit. The Mesopotamian ziggurats were not places for public worship or ceremonies. They were believed to be dwelling places for the gods and each city had its own patron god. Only priests were permitted on the ziggurat or in the rooms at its base, and it was their responsibility to care for the gods and attend to their needs. The priests were very powerful members of Sumerian and Assyro-Babylonian society.

***********************************************************************

According to Herodotus, at the top of each ziggurat was a shrine, although none of these shrines have survived. One practical function of the ziggurats was a high place on which the priests could escape rising water that annually inundated lowlands and occasionally flooded for hundreds of kilometers, for example, the 1967 flood. Another practical function of the ziggurat was for security. Since the shrine was accessible only by way of three stairways, a small number of guards could prevent non-priests from spying on the rituals at the shrine on top of the ziggurat, such as initiation rituals like the Eleusinian mysteries, cooking of sacrificial food and burning of carcasses of sacrificial animals. Each ziggurat was part of a temple complex that included a courtyard, storage rooms, bathrooms, and living quarters, around which a city spread.

According to popular belief, the helical minaret of the Great Mosque of Samarra was built on the model of the Zikkurat. Another example of a ziggurat with an outer spiral ramp is the tower of Khorsabad.

Al Zaqura Building in Baghdad, constructed in the 1970s

The shape of the ziggurat experienced a revival in modern architecture and Brutalist architecture starting in the 1970s. The Al Zaqura - Arabic; الزاكورة- Building is an government building situated in Baghdad. It serves the office of the prime minister of Iraq.  

8 0
3 years ago
Traditionally, Eurocentric historians have focused on the works of European philosophers instead of African philosophers because
kakasveta [241]

Answer:

Biasedness

Explanation:

To be Eurocentric historians implies that such historians favor historical perspectives and evidence that support the superiority, supremacy, and domination of European thoughts, values, and cultures over non-Europeans histories. This position is often influenced by Bias, Prejudice, or Partiality.

Hence, Traditionally, Eurocentric historians have focused on the works of European philosophers instead of African philosophers because of their BIASEDNESS

8 0
3 years ago
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