Potential evapotranspiration is higher in the summer, on less cloudy days, and closer to the equator, because of the higher levels of solar radiation that provides the energy for evaporation. Evapotranspiration is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and water bodies. Transpiration accounts for the movement of water within a plant and the subsequent loss of water as vapor through stomata in its leaves.
the main difference is that bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside a body, while viruses are a non-living collection of molecules that need a host to survive.
Many bacteria help us: living in our gut digesting and helping absorption of our food, fixing nitrogen and decomposing organic materials in soil. Similarly, not all viruses are bad—we now know there are also beneficial viruses present in our gut, skin and blood that can kill undesirable bacteria and more dangerous viruses.
Scientists can access the risks of trans fats by conducting an appropriate experiment which will show the effects of the fats on the human system.
This can be done by feeding known quantity of trans fats to rats over a specific period of time. During the period, the change in the rat weights will be measured on the daily basis and every other changes that is noted in the rats will be noted down. A control group of rats will be included in the experiment; these rats will be given normal rat feeds and not trans fats.
When the period of feeding is completed, the rats will be killed, all the organs in the rats such as liver, blood, brains, kidney, etc will be harvested and these organs will then be biochemically analysed in order to compare the changes in them with that of a normal rats.
Rats are usually used in biochemical research because their systems and that of human is comparable. Any negative effect of trans fats that is noted in the rats will also hold true for human beings.
Why do melting ice caps make Earth warmer?
The correct answer is C. Albedo decreases.
When the albedo is lower, more radiation from the Sun gets absorbed by the planet resulting in rise of temperature. When the snow covered area warms up and melts, the albedo goes down and more sunlight is absorbed in that area and the temperatures increase.
D) a change in protein synthesis
