Answer:
AGU-CUA
Explanation:
An mRNA sequence is made using a DNA sequence as a template. The sequence is dictated by complementary base pairing.
DNA uses the bases A, T, C and G. A is complementary to T and G is complementary to C.
RNA uses the bases A, U, C and G. A is complementary to U and G is complementary to C.
When transcribing DNA to RNA:
- C is paired with G
- G is paired with C
- A is paired with U
- T is paired with A
Therefore, TCA-GAT is transcribed to AGU-CUA
Answer:
The correct answer is: b. Budding of the secretory granule.
Explanation:
- In eukaryotic cells, the pathway by which secretory proteins are produced and are secreted can be explained below:
- The gene {DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) sequence}, located on the genome, encoding the secretory protein is transcribed into an mRNA (messenger Ribonucleic Acid) by the RNA polymerase. This process happens in the Nucleus.
- The mature mRNA is translocated from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
- In the cytoplasm it associates with the ribosome but translation process does not begin now.
- This is because, as the mRNA sequence has the tag of forming a secretory protein, it can be translated only when the ribosome bound mRNA sequence attaches itself to the ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum).
- On attachment to the ER, the process of translation begins and the polypeptide formed is released into the lumen of the ER.
- The process of glycosylation starts in the ER.
- The glycosylated protein is then transported from the ER in membrane bound vesicles to the cis, medial and trans Golgi, where the process of glycosylation gets completed and the protein gets completely folded.
- After this, secretory vesicles buds off from the Golgi and migrate towards the plasma membrane.
- At the plasma membrane, the secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and releases the protein out of the cell by the process of Exocytosis.
- In the given question completely folded glycosylated protein is formed but it is not secreted. This means the protein is able to reach to the Golgi bodies. But secretory vesicle formation does not take place.
- Hence the Substance X might inhibit the formation or budding of Secretory Vesicles.
Chromosomal DNA guanine hereditary
DNA
- 97% of all the water on the earth is salt water, which is not suitable for drinking.
- Only 3% of all the water is fresh water, and only 1% is available for drinking.
- 2% of the available freshwater sources is locked in ice caps and glaciers.
With growing population rates and such a small percentage of all the water on earth, it only makes sense that we must preserve and conserve this precious resource.
Answer: B
Explanation: A closed system can be defined as a system that does not allow for an exchange of matter with its surroundings.
An estuary where fresh water and ocean water mix is not a good example of a closed system because fresh water and ocean water mix out in the open and matter is exchanged.
A living single-called organism such as phytoplankton does not constitute as a closed system because in order for the phytoplankton to be considered alive it needs to interact with its surroundings i.e light from the sun so photosynthesis (converting light energy into chemical energy to be used by organism) can occur. This also happens out in the open
A river that flows into the ocean does not fit into the closed system definition. This is because a river that flows into the ocean allows for itself (matter) to mix with that of the ocean in an open space (rivermouth).
Therefore option B is the answer because it fits the definition. A chemical reaction within the deep ocean organisms that allows them to glow happens within (inside) the organism, making this system closed, hence there is no exchange of matter with surroundings.
