In the early 19th century, the ruling political party was the Democratic-Republicans. They selected their candidate through a vote of their members in Congress. This system let them control the White House for 20 years. Then the rivalry of John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson.divided the Democratic-Republicans into two after the 1824 elections and became Democrats and Whigs.
The answer is D. The Germans wanted to knock out Russia with its slow moving army then they could focus all of their efforts on France