The correct answer is A. The Great Schism or the East-West Schism represented the final separation between the Eastern Christian churches (whose leader was Michael Cerularius, the <u><em>patriarch of Constantinople</em></u>) and the Western one whose leader was Leo IX. There were excommunications that ended in 1965, when Pope <em>Paul VI</em> and <em>Athenagoras I</em> revoked the excommunications decrees.
Explanation:When he died in 814, Charlemagne’s empire encompassed much of Western Europe, and he had also ensured the survival of Christianity in the West. Today, Charlemagne is referred to by some as the father of Europe.
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They developed many new techniques for buildings and construction of all types including the invention of concrete, Roman roads, the invention of Roman arches, and incredibly well built aqueducts that ran for miles before they reached the end and delivered fresh water.
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