It was Plessy v.
<span> Ferguson</span> that upheld the doctrine of "separate but equal" this decision was later overturned by the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education.
It’s D, changing effecting to affecting makes it grammatically correct.
Answer:
Young Italy formed to create a united Italian republic through by promoting a general insurrection in the Italian reactionary states also in the lands occupied by the Austrian Empire.
The answer is income taxes