Answer:
The correct answer is option A.
Explanation:
Cell cycle checkpoints are regulating mechanism that ensures the presence and viability of the cellular components essential for cell division.
There are three major checkpoints one G1 second at M phase and third is G2 checkpoint. M phase checkpoint ensures for chromosome spindle attachment. G1 checkpoint checks the nutrients, DNA damage and growth.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Answer: From letting a cold spread you need prevent kissing someone, shaking hands and physical contact.
Explanation:
The best way to know the probabilities here is to do each cross and see the results.
a. Aa Bb Cc Ddx aa bb cc dd
Aa Bb Cc Dd
Aa Bb Cc Dd
aa bb cc dd
aa bb cc dd
You have 50% chances of Aa Bb Cc Dd which is phenotypically the same as one of the parents, and 50% chances of aa bb cc dd which are phenotypically the same as one of the parents.
b. aa bb cc dd x AA BB CC DD
aA bB cC dD
aA bB cC dD
aA bB cC dD
aA bB cC dD
You have 100% chances of having aA bB cC dD offspring, and it will be phenotypically the same as the AA BB CC DD because of the dominant allele.
c. Aa Bb cc Ddx Aa Bb cc Dd
AA BB cc DD
Aa Bb cc Dd
aA bB cc dD
aa bb cc dd
You have 25% chances of AA BB cc DD, 50% chances of Aa Bb cc Dd which are phenotypically the same as both the parents and 25% chances of aa bb cc dd.
d. aa bb cc dd x aa bb cc dd
aa bb cc dd
aa bb cc dd
aa bb cc dd
aa bb cc dd
You have 100% chances of having aa bb cc dd which are phenotypically the same as both the parents.
Answer;
mRNA is synthesized from a strand of DNA
During transcription mRNA is synthesized from a strand of DNA.
Explanation;
Transcription is the process that takes place in the nucleus of a cell, where DNA molecules acts as a primer to synthesis messenger RNA, catalyzed by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
It is the first step of expression of gene, a particular segment of DNA is copied to mRNA by RNA polymerase.
Then the mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for the process of translation in which proteins are formed.
