Answer:
The end of the Peloponnesian War did not bring the promised “…beginning of freedom for all of Greece.”[1] Instead, Sparta provoked a series of wars which rearranged the system of alliances which had helped them win the long war against Athens. A peace conference between Sparta and Thebes in 371 ended badly and the Spartans promptly marched upon Thebes with an army of nine thousand hoplites and one thousand cavalry. Opposing them were six thousand Theban and allied hoplites and one thousand cavalry.[2]
Over generations, the Thebans had been increasing the depth of their phalanx, generally given pride of place on the right wing of coalition armies, from the traditional eight men, to sixteen, then twenty-five and even thirty-five ranks. As the Spartan and Theban armies maneuvered toward the plain of Leuctra, the brilliant Theban general Epaminondas devised a new tactic which would use the deep phalanx to destroy the myth of Spartan superiority.
Over the generations, the citizens of Thebes had developed a reputation as tough, unyielding fighters. Epaminondas had witnessed the power of the deep Theban phalanx at previous battles, and increased the depth of the phalanx to fifty ranks, but only eighty files wide. But Epaminondas’ true innovation was to position the deep Theban column not on the right, where it would have clashed with the Spartan’s weaker allies, but on the left, where it would attack the main phalanx of the Spartan “Peers” led by King Cleombrotus, arranged only twelve ranks deep. In other words, Epaminondas was concentrating his fighting power at the critical point in the evenly-spaced, less concentrated Spartan phalanx. Finally, he arranged the Theban’s allies on his right would advance “in echelon”, each poleis’ phalanx staying slightly to the rear of that to its left, so that the allied right would protect the Theban’s flank, but not initially engage with the enemy (see Leuctra map – ‘Initial Situation’). When asked why he positioned the Theban phalanx opposite the Spartan king, Epaminondas stated he would “crush…the head of the serpent”.[3]
The rise of the public sphere and public opinion.
The growth of a print culture and literary market - newspapers etc, the multiplier effect.
The rise of coffee houses, clubs, social gatherings. The voice of the street
The breakdown of absolutist politics.
Answer:
Ellis Island is a symbol of migration
Explanation:
Ellis Island is located in state of New York, city of New York. It was built at the end of 19th century and represents a unique symbol of migration at that time, and later remained a symbol and one of the main tourist attractions in the city. It was open in 1892 to serve as a immigration center and served as such 60 years long, until it closed. There is also a National Museum of Migration on Ellis Island opened for public in 1976.
<em>The Statue of Liberty</em> on Ellis Island is a gift from France to the entire nation of America on the 100th anniversary of independence. Symbolically, it is a salute to migrants who come to settle in United States.
Answer:
you could potentially talk about abortion or any other controversial type of issue. pick the side you are on and build upon that idea.
Answer:
Option: The Pueblos
Explanation:
Spanish colonists in New Mexico depended on protection from the Pueblos. Colonists played a role for trade and exchange of information between Pueblos and Spanish. In the beginning, the pueblos were friendly as they share their house and food with the colonists. The architecture, food, and artifacts present interaction between Pueblo and Spanish, it also suggests that Pueblo peoples presented in the ways to these households.
