The large investment the company made in the failed project most likely was made by a manager who did not fully understand "Sunk Costs".
<h3>What is Sunk Cost?</h3>
An price or investment that has already been made and cannot be recovered is referred to as a sunk cost.
Types of sunk cost are -
- Investment in advertising. This money is lost if you advertise a new product; it cannot be recovered.
- Investigation into a new product.
- Labour expenses.
- New software system installation and operational procedures.
- Loss of relationships in business and reputation.
Therefore, Sunk expenses are unrelated to any particular occurrence and shouldn't be taken into account while choosing an investment or project.
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Answer:
1. "lack of documentation in the implementation project."
2. "resistance from end users for IS implementation."
Explanation:
Some of the general challenges of implementing change are:
1. Lack of Proper Planning.
2. Low Employee Morale.
3. Lack of Consensus.
4. Adopting New Technology.
5. Failing to Communicate.
6. Resistance
However from the scenario, we see two major challenges of IS implementation which also agrees with the general challenges of change management and implementation.
1. Lack of documentation in the implementation project: The issue of lack of documentation during implementation is in relation to 'lack of proper planning' because such documentation will be invaluable when it comes to training the staff about the change that has been implemented. Lack of implementation documentation will also lead to inability to communicate the progress of the implementation to Staff. In summary implementation documentation are necessary for understanding whatever change(s) will happen as a result of such project.
2. Resistance from end users for IS implementation: This is not a problem peculiar to this scenario but as can be seen from the general problems of implementing organisational change, 'resistance' is a problem.
Such resistance is caused by other factors like 'lack of communication' and 'lack of consensus'. Employees always do resist change because they are already used to the old way of doing things and possibly were not part of the decision to implement an IS.
These challenges can be addressed by staff engagement, staff training on the change and effective communication.
Answer:
The correct answer is $55.42.
Explanation:
According to the scenario, the computation of the given data are as follows:
Boxes use = 96 boxes
Cost = $4 per box
Staple cost = $20
Carrying cost = $0.80
So, we can calculate the annual cost of ordering and carrying by using following formula:
Annual cost = (EOQ ÷ 2) × Carrying cost + (Boxes use ÷ EOQ) × Staple cost
Where, EOQ = ( 2 × 96 × 20 ÷ 0.80)^1/2 = 69.28
So, by putting the value, we get
Annual cost = ( 69.28 ÷ 2) × $0.80 + ( 96 ÷ 69.28) × $20
= $27.71 + $27.71
= $55.42
Answer: fall, reducing, fall below
Explanation:
the misperceptions theory asserts that changes in the price level can temporarily mislead firms about what is happening to their output prices. Consider a soybean farmer who expects a price level of 100 in the coming year. If the actual price level turns out to be 90, soybean prices will __________ , and if the farmer mistakenly assumes that the price of soybeans declined relative to other prices of goods and services, she will respond by __________ the quantity of soybeans supplied. If other producers in this economy mistake changes in the price level for changes in their relative prices, the unexpected decrease in the price level causes the quantity of output supplied to __________the natural level of output in the short run.
