the Marshall Plan(also known as The European Recovery Program) was an american initiative passed in 1948 to aid western Europe. the amount which USA paid was about 12billion dollars in economic assistance.
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European explorers came from an ancient maritime tradition. Naval practice coupled with star-tracking, as well as associated navigation technology, aided navigators by helping them stay on routes, avoiding course problems, and thus preventing them from being lost frequently.
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In general, the Supreme Court during the era of Progressive reform in the United States tended to side with the big businesss, in the sense that there just wasn't enough legislation to make what they were doing blatantly illegal.
The Renaissance is associated with advances in literature, architecture, humanism, and a world economy, while the Enlightenment is associated with the scientific method, industrialization, rationality, astronomy, and calculus.
Sultan Mehmed II transferred the capital of the Ottoman Empire from Edirne to Constantinople. Constantinople was transformed into an Islamic city: the Hagia Sophia became a mosque, and the city eventually became known as Istanbul.
