Research and development expenses, since these costs are intended to spur future growth, they should be considered capital expenses.
The term "expenditure on research and development" (R&D) refers to all costs associated with conducting research at colleges, universities, and other institutions of higher learning, whether those costs are covered by general institutional funds, specific grants, or contracts with public or private sponsors. Nearly US$ 1.7 trillion has been spent globally on research and development, which is a record high. Approximately 10 nations receive 80% of the money spent on expenditure on research and development. Countries have committed to significantly boosting public and corporate R&D spending as well as the number of researchers by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The total amount spent on R&D, and expenditure on research and development in the US was $607.5 billion.
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Answer:
Ability is possession of the means or skill to do something.
In a Sweezy oligopoly, the profit-maximizing level of output occurs where mr=mc.
Paul M. Sweezy created the oligopoly's kinked demand curve in 1939. The model explains how oligopolistic groups behave rather than placing emphasis on how price-output determination occurs.
With an equilibrium output of Q units and an equilibrium price of P, the oligopolist maximizes profits by equating marginal income with marginal cost.
Due to each company's desire to maximize profits, there is frequently intense competition among them when it comes to pricing, production, and promotion.
The main distinction between a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm is that although for a monopolist, marginal revenue is not equal to the price since changes in output quantity affect the price.
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The commission for purchasing five round lots of a stock selling for $130 is $65.
<h3>What is round lots of a stock?</h3>
A specified quantity of securities to be traded on an exchange is known as a round lot. In the stock market, a round lot is defined as 100 shares or a bigger number that may be divided in half equally.
1 round lots = 100 shares
5 round lots = 500 shares
The commission structure on a stock purchase is $45 plus $0.04 per share.
For 500 shares, the commission is
= 45 + 0.04×500
= 65
Therefore, the commission for purchasing 500 shares of stock selling for $130 is $65.
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