Protiens in the blood cause blood clotting
As both the genes get equally expressed in the human blood group genes, both the proteins or characters expressed by those genes get prominent in the phenotype of the organism.
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In case of human blood type, there are co dominance between the genes coding for A blood group and B blood group. Absence of both of them produce the O blood group and presence of both of them produce the AB blood group.
The gene for A blood group codes for enzyme α-1,3-N-acetylgalactosamine transferase which attaches the N Acetylgalactosamine to surface of RBCs which are actually the A antigens.
The gene for B blood group codes for α-1,3-galactosyl transferase which attaches galactose to surface of RBCs which are actually B antigens.
Presence of both of these genes make both N Acetylgalactosamine and galactose to be present on RBC membrane. This is why co dominance occurs in case of AB blood group persons.
The natural differences that occur between different organisms. Variation occurs even within the same species.
The distribuition of alleles changes due to random chance.
