Each patient is different from any other ,
<span>Notice a couple of things
different between (A) and (B). It was NOT the first time a biologist
proposed that species changed through time (so it's not B). But it
finally *solidified* that idea by giving "change through time"
(evolution) a MECHANISM. It gave a plausible explanation for WHY
species change over time, in a testable way that made sense and had
evidence to support it.
So it finally dismissed the idea that species are constant.
It also emphasized that the simple presence of *variation* within a population was a key reason for evolution.
While we're at it ... (C) is wrong because it's not *individuals* that
acclimate (adapt) to their environment, but the population (the species)
as a whole.
And (D) is wrong because it had nothing to do with economics or the monarchy.</span>
Answer:
Answer is C.
Explanation:
For A and B, a base substitution affects one of the three bases that comprise a codon, the DNA/RNA unit that corresponds to a particular amino acid. If one base is substituted, one codon and therefore one amino acid will be affected. Codons have built-in redundancy, so even by changing one base, the new codon sometimes still corresponds to the same amino acid. Therefore, a base substitution at most affects one amino acid, and sometimes doesn't affect it all.
Frameshift mutations cause a lot more trouble. These occur when you have a deletion or insertion that changes the number of bases in your gene. As a result, the "frame" of the codons changes (everything shifts one way or the other by the number of bases added/removed). This affects EVERY codon downstream of the mutation, so you can imagine that such a mutation would have a bigger effect the closer to the start of the gene it occurs. This is why C is correct.
