Answer is A
Explanation: Consumer surplus actually happens when a customer is willing and ready to pay for a particular product than its current market price. It is a measure of the additional benefits a consumer gets after paying for a product even though they are willing to pay more.
For example: Let's assume you want to get a IPhone 8 plus and you value it at $800 dollars, which you are ready to pay, but realise it is sold at $700. When you buy it at $700, the customer surplus is $100, that is a difference between how much you were willing to pay and the price you eventually got it.
Consumer Surplus changes as the equilibrium price of a good rises or falls. If the price of a good rises, the consumer surplus decreases but when the price of the good falls, the consumer surplus increases.
Most likely the National Institute for Standards and Technology falls under the U.S. Department of Commerce
Answer:
The statement states least regarding the brand equity concept is option A
Explanation:
Brand equity is the value or value premium which a firm generates or create for the product with a name that is recognizable when compared to the generic equivalent. It is used by companies for creating a brand for their products by making them superior in reliability and quality.
So, the one which state least regarding the same that it provide information for assessing the maximizing of the supply chain.