Answer: Not sure exactly when were talking about but overall no, racisms was so bad at points that I wouldn't be surprised if you were shot by your own side simply because of the color of your skin.
If we look at the five principles of Islam, or the five pillars or the five fundamentals, belief practically ends with the first pillar of Islam. In other words, that affirmation that Allah is the only deity and that Muhammad is his messenger. After that, everything is action, is practice. The other four, i.e., praying, fasting, paying the zakat -- what I call a social tax -- and the hajj, involve action. Muslims are very action-oriented.
The two discoveries that brought a revolution in early man's life are:
1) Agriculture - It helped the early man to produce its own food. this innovation made possible new flux of innovations and ideas the husbandry and domestication of all modern cattle and pets (except dogs), the formation of soldiers and wars, the money, the origin of religion, writing and all the very basis of modern life. Developing all these new outcomes would be impossible without the cooperation and organized structure of agricultural societies.
2) Language and paintings - Language helps them to communicate with each other and painting which they did at that time helped Historians today to know about their life, language, etc.
Umayyad was more opened while Abbasid didn't want to interact with non-Arabs
