In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that facilities that were "separate but equal" were permissible under the US Constitution.
This allowed the Jim Crow laws to develop wherein African Americans went to different schools, ate at different restaurants or in different sections, and were generally segregated from the population
Judicial review refers to the power of checks and balances - the Supreme Court can review the constitutionality of the executive and legislative branches of the government.
Are you referring to the arm wrestiling cartoon. This was a very popular political cartoon of the 1950's. One symbol would be the form fitting flags on tthe arm wrestlers. The artist is trying convey that the leaders are fit and want their countries to be active and healthy. The 2nd symbol are the beedy eyes under Reagan's and Gorbechov's TV faces. The artist is trying to convey that there is a shadow government in each country that actually controls their actions.
The 3rd Symbol would be the smiling faces on the screens. The artist is trying to say that the leaders are trying to be friendly even with everything else going on.
I hope that helps and you like my answer so I can get addition points on the site.
The 8th amendment, I believe. i could be wrong
