In a representative democracy, the people elect a leader to represent them. So the answer should be President/Prime Minister, depending on which country you're from.
This impacted the power of the roman catholic church by calling the people to pray, aswell as organizing religious trecks and creating a petition to stop the pestilence
Some think it was called this because of how the skin turned dark at the late stages of the disease, but it was more likely called "Black" to reflect the dark and horrible time in history.
They were the Essenes
They were a religious sect based on Second Temple Judaism and lived in Judaea in high numbers. They were semi-monastic insofar that they lived in voluntary poverty, were highly ascetic, often they practiced complete celibacy, and they were also known for their daily practice of immersion. They were found to live in areas around the Dead Sea.
If you could choose two answers, it would be A and B. However if it is a one answer question, it would be A because they had more weapons and strength than other foreign territories.