the best answer is d.cytoplasm
Answer: The DNA on the paternal copy of the chromosome will be methylated at the imprinting center, while the DNA on the maternal copy of the chromosome will not be methylated in this region.
Explanation:
Chromosomes are DNA structures associated with proteins such as histones. They are found in the nucleus of cells and contain genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism. Human beings are diploid, meaning that they possess two copies of each of the 23 chromosomes (a total of 46).
Gametes, which are sex cells such as the sperm (produced by the male) and the egg (produced by the female) that are haploid. This means that they possess only one chromosome of each pair. During fertilization, a male gamete fuses with a female gamete to generate a zygote, which will give rise to a new human being. <u>This new individual will possess half of the genetic material from its father and half from its mother. Thus having a total of 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent</u>.
Genetic imprinting modulates gene expression by chemical modification of DNA and/or modification of chromatin structure. Often, genetic imprinting causes a gene to be expressed only on the chromosome inherited from one of the parents. One example of imprinting is DNA methylation, which is a process by which methyl groups are added to DNA. <u>Methylation modifies DNA function when found in the promoter gene, repressing gene transcription. This means that a methylated gene will not be expressed</u>, that is, it will not produce a protein encoded by that gene. So, if a region of DNA is imprinted in the sperm cell, the paternal chromosome inherited from this sperm will be methylated in the genes of the offspring. And the offspring will only express the maternal copy inherited, which will not be methylated.
<h2>The given statement is true</h2>
Explanation:
The recent finding of the fossils which showed that <em>Homo erectus</em> and <em>Homo habilis</em> lived side by side in eastern Africa for perhaps half a million years challenged the conventional way that these two species evolved one after the other(<em>H.habilis</em> 1.44 million years old and <em>H.erectus </em>1.55 million years old)
- The fossils were found in Kenya and took years to prepare the specimens for study and to be sure of the identification of the species, the scientists said
- University of Utah geologists determined the dates of the fossils from volcanic ash deposits
- The most recent <em>Homo habilis</em> that had been known was about the same age as the earliest <em>Homo erectus</em><em>,</em> said Daniel Lieberman, a professor of biological anthropology at Harvard University, “Now we have extended the duration of the habilis species, and there’s no doubt that it overlaps considerably with erectus”
- The fact that the two hominid species lived together in the same lake basin for so long and remained separate species, Meave Leakey said in a statement from Nairobi, “suggests that they had their own ecological niche, thus avoiding direct competition”
The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.