About 4 times more ATP is generated during oxidative phosphorylation than substrate-level phosphorylation.
<h3>Oxidative phosphorylation:</h3>
In the metabolism process known as oxidative phosphorylation, also known as electron transport-linked phosphorylation or terminal oxidation, cells employ catalysts to oxidize carbohydrates, liberating chemical energy and producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a consequence.
- According to some modern studies, the ATP output after aerobic respiration is only approximately 30-32 ATP molecules /molecule of glucose, rather than 36-38, because:
During oxidative phosphorylation,
- the ATP: NADH+H+ and ATP: FADH2 ratios appear to be 2.5 and 1.5 instead of 3 and 2, respectively.
<h3>Substrate level phosphorylation:</h3>
- Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolic activity that produces ATP or GTP by the direct transfer of a phosphoryl (PO3) group from another phosphorylated chemical to ADP or GDP.
- Substrate level phosphorylation happens via glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. It happens in two phases during glycolysis, and because 2 molecules are involved, it eventually creates 4 ATP from a glucose molecule.
- As a result, the total ATP molecules generated from substrate-level phosphorylation of a glucose molecule during aerobic respiration will be 4+2 = 6.
Therefore, it is concluded that ATP generated during oxidative phosphorylation is 30-6=24 or 32-6=26 i.e., about 4 times than substrate-level phosphorylation.
Learn more about substrate level phosphorylation here:
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Answer:
Energy
Explanation:
The elephant is getting energy when the bond is broken into sucrose because as sucrose is broken down, it is hydrolized by enzymes sucrase which break the glycosidic bond and convert it to glucose and fructose in the upper gastrointestinal tracts. Glucose and fructose are then absorbed into the blood stream which glucose serve as energy source or stored as glycogen in the gastrointestinal tracts.
The second one should be the answer not 100% but like 85% sure
All the above are correct statement of mRNA !!
It is transcribed from template stand ; moves out of nucleus ; take the gene info to ribosomes which is the site of protein synthesis !!
Answer:
Low level of nitrogen in the soil.
Adding organic materials poor in mineral nitrogen to the soil, which encourages the subsistence of soil microorganisms on mineral nitrogen to break down these materials, and this causes a temporary reduction in the proportion of mineral nitrogen in the soil.
Soil drought.
Problems with root growth due to soil compression or disease.
