Answer:
Railroads were visible symbols of industry and modernity during the Civil War. They were
agents of progress, promoters of civilization, and enhancers of democracy which could bind the
North and the South together as one nation. They were also the lifeline of the army. A general’s
success or failure depended on fresh supplies and soldiers delivered directly to the battlefield.
Consequently, Union strategists deliberately targeted rail junctions as campaign objectives in
places like Chattanooga, Tennessee; Atlanta, Georgia; and Corinth, Mississippi. This was
especially true of Atlanta, a city which served as the Confederacy’s rail hub and manufacturing
center.
Railroads became a set of guidelines between which campaigns were waged, battles were
fought, and men and materials were moved. A commander’s understanding of the rail network
became key to managing operations and informing tactical decisions. Arguably, no Civil War
commander used the rail network to their advantage quite like Union General William
Tecumseh Sherman.
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