I believed among all the city states in Greece, the most important was Athens. It was one of the oldest cities of the world and the center for arts, science, architecture, politics, and philosophy. The medieval period was inspired by its culture. This was a place were great Philosophers came; Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. All of these are essential elements that became a foundation of man's development.
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i cant read it hhhh it's too blurry
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Europeans called them that because they had adapted somewhat to living within "civilized" borders.