In France the revolutionary events ended the July Monarchy (1830–1848) and led to the creation of the French Second Republic. Following the overthrow of King Louis Philippe in February 1848, the elected government of the Second Republic ruled France. ... Louis Napoléon went on to become the de facto last French monarch.
The law which allows the president to make a hasty decision is an executive agreement. This agreement is not legally binding and does not need the approval of Congress.
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Settlement houses were established so that it would help fight poverty. The settlement houses provided services such as daycare education and healthcare to improve the lives of the poor in these areas.