France gave it to the US as a gift
The defeat of the Spanish Armada was not a result of the English Civil War, as this happened in 1588 during the Anglo-Spanish War.
The English Civil War led to the trial and execution of Charles I, the exile of his son Charles II, and the replacement of the English monarchy by the Commonwealth of England (1649-1653) and then a protectorate (1653-1659) under the personal government of Oliver Cromwell. The monopoly of the Church of England on the Christian religion in England ended, and a new Protestant aristocracy settled in Ireland. A precedent was established regarding the government of a king, who can not command without the consent of the Parliament and its people.
The answer is A, Sam Houston used military forced to stop Texans' attempts at joining the confederacy.
A--needing a place for steamships to refuel: the push came from the need for a modern navy to support the economic interests in Asia.
Alfred Mahan's book on sea power convinced the US government a modern navy was needed. To create a large fleet, the US needed ports on islands throughout the Pacific to refuel and rest ships. These parts were provided as trade deals, protection, or takeover of the land.
