Cloning is a process of producing genetically identical organisms through the techniques of biotechnology. Reproductive cloning of animals involves the somatic cell nuclear transfer in which the nucleus from an adult donor cell is transferred to an egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed. It is then incorporated into the uterus of a surrogate animal.
Pet cloning is not acceptable because of the following reasons-
(1) Its a very expensive procces with a high rate of failure.
(2) The clones produced tend to develop health problems. Large Offspring Syndrome (LOS) with very large organs is observed showing problems with blood flow and breathing with respect to heart and lungs, renal failure and other complicated issues.
(3) The clones are susceptible to skeletal abnormalities, higher rates of infection and tumour development. This results in a high mortality (death) rates.
(4) Since a surrogate mother is involved in the process of cloning, they experience a lot of health problems while carrying the embryos and sometimes it can be even killed.
Thus, cloning of pets is not acceptable as it affects both the cloned animal and the surrogate mother which is not preferred. Instead, adopting a homeless pet will provide shelter to another animal with a better nourishment.
<u>Answer:</u>
<em>The two major processes by which bacterial populations produce genetic diversity are gene transfer and mutation.</em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
Gene transfer in bacteria occurs through conjugation. In the process of conjugation, the plasmid gets transferred from bacteria to another. Mitosis leads to the formation of two identical individuals.
In this process, the chromosome and the DNA content of the daughter cell remains the same as the mother cell. Bacteria also divides by the process of binary fission.
Answer:
The force of gravity can cause erosion by;
- pulling rocks and other particles down the side of a mountain or cliff
- it can cause landslides which significantly erode an area.
Answer: skull size of each species
Over time, it is the size of the skull particulary that of the jaw bones, that can help determine the evolutionary relationship of two hominid species. It was believed that the jaws of hominids change as time passes by because the size of the brains changes too.
Answer:
C. <em>Clostridium</em> and <em>Bacillus</em>.
Explanation:
<em>Bacillus </em>and <em>Clostridium</em> are the gram-positive bacteria and form endospores. Endospores are the resistant dormant structures formed by some gram-positive bacteria.
These bacteria form the endospores within their vegetative cells. The endospores are highly resistant to environmental stress conditions and make these bacterial genera the dangerous pathogens.
