Wasn't relable and I believe sometimes malfuncted like blow ups and stuff
Do you mean in the Soviet flag? If so here is your answer.
Answer: Communist symbol, hammer for industrial labors, and the sickle stands for the peasantry.
The attack affected the american security policies because after the attack the american security system was looked down on and also it was taken care of by making the security more stricter.It impacted the view of Islam because it was done by a Muslim group so Islam was looked at like a religion which allowed killing and brutal acts toward humanity.
I hope this helps and answered the second question based on how I think it is because I am a Muslim myself.
They had a lot of power back then because they had a great army with a great pilot which means leader