American founding fathers were concerned with the limits of democracy. Their concerns are similar to those of political philosophers such as John Stuart Mill (<em>On Liberty</em>) and Alexis de Tocqueville (<em>Democracy in America</em>). In particular, they were concerned that an excess of democracy would lead to a “tyranny of the majority.”
The tyranny of the majority refers to a situation in democratic rule where a self-interested majority can put their interests above those of the minority. It is an inherent weakness of majority rule and can lead to the oppression of minorities.
Alexander Hamilton wrote to Thomas Jefferson about this worry after The Constitutional Convention in 1787, and the constitution that was drafted reflects these concerns. The Electoral College is partly a safety mechanism to prevent the democratic victory of a tyrannical despot. Other mechanisms introduced were the Bill of Rights and the division of power, which prevents the centralization of all power in one individual, even a democratically elected one.
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Mr. Jones stops raising his voice because of Operant conditioning.
<h3>What is operant conditioning? How Mrs. Jones shows it here?</h3>
Operant conditioning is a kind of learning, through which the particular behavior can be reduced or decreased by removing the negative outcome.
Mrs. Jones, here is following the operant conditioning as she closed the door and ends up the argument voluntarily. Due to which, Mr. Jones stops raising his voice.
So, the principle of negative reinforcement has been followed here.
Learn more about the operant conditioning here:-
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Answer:
because of lack of space for their growing numbers,
Sigmund freud proposed that little boys' fears that their fathers may retaliate against them for forbidden sexual and aggressive impulses may lead to castration anxiety. It is a fear of damaging or losing the genitals. It is concept proposed by Freud that a child would have a fear of losing their genitalia by a parent of the same gender as a form of punishment for having some sexual feelings toward a parent of the opposite sex.
