As water molecules from plant leaves evaporate, they attract the water molecules that are still present in the plant, aiding in the movement of water from the roots up through the stems. The water in a plant is transported from the bottom to the top by the combined effects of transpiration and capillary action.
- Water molecules ascend up the cellulose tubes from the roots to the leaves because they tend to cling together (cohesion) and stick to the walls of tubes (adhesion). The water from the leaves then evaporates, aiding in the root system's ability to absorb additional water. We call this mechanism capillary action.
- Water and minerals travel upward from the roots through the xylem due to a negative water potential gradient created by the evaporation of mesophyll cells in the leaves. Small perforations between vessel elements must be made to reduce gas bubbles in the xylem since they can obstruct water flow in the plant.
Learn more about Xylem here:
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Before the Calvin cycle begins the energy is stored in bonds of ATP
Answer:
decline: decrease
Explanation:
Transpiration is the loss of water from stomata by the process of evaporation. It occurs by the process of diffusion and is driven by the concentration gradient of water vapor. The higher the concentration gradient between air and leaf cells, the higher is the rate of diffusion of water.
On a sunny day, the rate of transpiration is higher since air is less humid and the concentration of water inside the leaf is higher. On the other hand, the air is more humid on a rainy day. The increased water vapor content of air reduces the concentration gradient between air and leaf cells. The reduced concentration gradient decreases the rate of transpiration.
