Answer:
DNP produces the loss of the proton gradient (i.e., the energy of the proton gradient is dissipated in the form of heat instead to produce ATP)
Explanation:
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) acts to shuttle H+ ions across cellular membranes, bypassing the ATP synthase used by mitochondria to generate ATP during cellular respiration. Since DNP is able to bypass ATP synthase, this compound uncouples the phosphorylation of ADP by the ATP synthase from the process of oxidation (i.e., transport of electrons). For example, in muscle cells, DNP may be used to shuttle calcium ions (Ca +) from mitochondrial stores, and free intracellular Ca+ ions are evidenced to produce muscle contraction.
The answer is A
pressure and heat
So, we need to know the concept of saturated and unsaturated
Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double/triple bonds and can absorb more hydrogen atoms.
Saturated fatty acids do not have the above-mentioned properties
The difference between soaps made from vegetable oils and from animal fats are that:
Vegetable oil is unsaturated and therefore the soap is liquid
Animal fats are saturated and therefore the soap is more solid
Answer:
Explanation:
Leopard seals use their powerful jaws and long teeth to kill smaller seals, fish, and squid. These effective predators live in frigid Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters, where they also eat penguins. They often wait underwater near an ice shelf and snare the birds just as they enter the water after jumping off the ice.
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. Water is the most abundant chemical in cells. Proteins and lipids are the building materials of cells. Nucleic acids are the genetic material that direct the cell's activities.
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