The Ptolemaic system is a geocentric cosmology, which assumed that the earth was stationary and at the center of the whole universe. It is important to remember, though, that even during Galileo's time, most people believed that the earth was the center of the universe and the sun rotated around our planet.
The expectation for the old civilizations was that the sun, moon, planets and stars were supposed to travel in an uniform motion. This motion was supposed to be a circle which was considered the closest to a perfect path for the heavenly bodies.
However, when studying the paths of those heavenly bodies, they could observe that, at least looking from Earth, the paths were not circular.
Therefore Ptolemy had a hypothesis that explained the <em>'supposed imperfection'</em>. In his model, he suggested that the apparently irregularity in the paths of the moons and starts were a combination of perfect paths (or circular motions) seen in perspective from the stationary body of the observer.
His suggestion was that, the planets were rotating around a center like the moon rotates the earth and they were doing this rotating movement around the earth like the moon rotates the sun fixed at Earth's rotation therefore giving us the illusion that they were not in a circular/perfect path.
So, in Ptolemy's system, Venus would rotate around our planet the same way that our moon rotates around the sun.
A key change that was advocated after the Civil War was the establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights.
Racial justice simply means a scenario where there's no discrimination and everyone has an equal right in ten country without taking their race or religion into consideration.
A key change immediately following the civil war aimed at achieving the "racial justice" that blight describes was the establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights. This was vital to ensure equality for everyone.
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Answer:
Individuals mined gold near the surface, then large companies took over
Every group experiences prejudice among others who are not of the same group. That includes Whites. Blacks. Polish. Jews. Latinos. Irish. Asians. Filipinos. Italians. Gays. Transgender. Young. Old. Rich. Poor. Native American. Aleut. German. Female. Male. Genius. Left-handers. Low-IQ. Bald. Unathletic. Sports fans. Nerds. Unattractive. Tall. Short. Obese. Skinny. Hunters. Fishers. Animal lovers. Environment lovers. Religious. Non-religious.
You name it.
You cannot define a group that lives completely without prejudice, in the USA or in any other country.
It is technically a legal document, and it is binding. Which makes it unique from other types of documents. I’m not sure what you mean in regards to “tool”. But I would think it would be considered a reference document
