The rate of change in velocity is known as acceleration
Answer:
In optics, the refractive index of a material is a dimensionless number that describes how fast light travels through the material. It is defined as n={\frac {c}{v}}, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and v is the phase velocity of light in the medium
Answer:
Interaction between hydrophobic (nonpolar) amino acid side chains is due to hydrophobic interactions.
Repulsion between negatively charged backbone of DNA double helix is due to electrostatic repulsion forces.
Interaction between water and carbonyl oxygen of guanine is due hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
The hydrophobic effect refers to the tendency of non-polar substances forms aggregates in an aqueous solutions in order to avoid interactions with water molecules. This results in a favorable entropy increase.
For non-polar amino acids, hydrophobic interactions are important in stabilizing their structure wherein they are densely packed within the core of a protein while those with with polar groups are found in the exterior.
The phosphate backbone of DNA is negatively charged. Since like charges repel, therefore, electrostatic repulsion forces of the ions are responsible the repulsion of the backbone DNA double helix.
Hydrogen bonds are formed between electronegative oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms of neighboring molecules due to the partial negative and positive charges on each of the atoms.
This hydrogen bonding is responsible for the interaction between water and carbonyl oxygen of guanine as the hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are attracted to the oxygen atoms of the guanine molecules due to the partial charges on each of the atoms.
Answer:
every squirrel in the forest
all forests populations
plants, fungi and microbes in the forest
Explanation:
In ecology, a community refers to a population of different species of organisms occupying a particular area at a particular time. In other words, community is a group of living organisms of different species interacting with one another in a given habitat.
According to the question, a forest community will contain all plants, animals and microbes in the forest involved in a series of interaction with one another. This includes every squirrel in the forest, all population of organisms in the forest and all plants, fungi and microbes in the forest.
N.B: If the abiotic components are included to the living ones, they will together make up an ECOSYSTEM.
