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The success of Portugal's exploration of Africa affected Spain because they found a route around Africa so their ships could continue east and Spain was not a part of this no more.
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Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and laws.
The Pentagon Papers "<span>were a secret study of the history of U.S. involvement in Vietnam," since their conclusions were highly controversial and the Johnson Administration initially blocked their release. </span>
Critics of the Articles of Confederation argued that it was far too "weak" in the sense that it didn't give the federal government enough power over the states. This became especially evident after Shays' Rebellion, which proved very difficult to put down.