Answer:
Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness. 
Explanation:
Basically ones that are best adapted for their environment. (I'm assuming "he" is Darwin?)
 
        
             
        
        
        
Severe low back pain and bruising along his flank
        
             
        
        
        
We will all die because we need oxygen that the plants give is
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Is there a picture with this question? It seems like there's background information which isn't being shown here.
Pedigrees are basically a map of alleles for family trees
 
                   ______Person1 -- Person2_____
                  I                I                  I                 I
        __Person3_   Person 4     Person5    _Person6___
       I                   I                          I            I                    I
   Person7 Person8                 Person9   Person10  Person11
And under everyone's name you write their alleles.
Punnett squares give the probability of someone having genes based on their parents' genes.
 
                             Parent1 (Aa)                   or                      Parent1 (aa)
 
Parent2 (AA)        AA      Aa                             Parent2 (Aa)     Aa      aa
                             AA      Aa                                                       aa      aa
        
             
        
        
        
The asterioid belt is the answer