Ocean acidification causes a decrease in the pH concentration of the oceans, mostly arises as a result of the entry of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A fisherman noticing a shellfish's shell being very small and lack the thick hard shell may be due to Ocean acidification (option A).
- Ocean acidification is mainly caused by fossil fuels and leads to a decrease in the water's pH.
- It also causes a reduction in the amount of carbonate, a building block of shells and skeletons in seawater.
- This makes it very difficult for marine organisms, such as shell fish and corals, to form their shells and skeletons, and those with existing shells may begin to dissolve.
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Answer:
The most appropriate answer would be C.electron carriers such as NADP⁺.
High energy electrons are transported through electron transport chain embedded in a thylakoid membrane in order to produce energy rich compounds such as ATP and NADPH.
It is also called as light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. It includes four major protein complexes: photosystem II, photosystem I, cytochrome b6f complex, and ATP synthase.
The electron first gets excited from chlorophyll a present in the reaction center (P₆₈₀ and P₇₀₀) of two photosystems (PS II and PS I) . The electron in PS II is replenished by photolysis of water.
Different electron carriers (such as plastoquinone, plastocyanin, pheophytin, chlorophyll A₀ etc) are present which help in transferring this high energy electron from one complex to another. NADP⁺ is the final acceptor of the electron and gets reduced to NADPH.
NADPH and ATP are then used in dark reaction in order to fix carbon into sugars.
The correct answer is the option (D) Both are not a mammal, are multicellular, and are heterotrophic.
Keys in biology are used to identify the different species based on the easily identifiable features of the organism. A dichotomous key consists of a series of questions on features like habitat, mode of nutrition, class to which they belong and other features, with each question having two answers describing the characteristic features of an organism. The series of questions begin with a broader characteristic feature becoming narrow gradually and helping in the identification of the organism.
Both the house sparrow and a cobra cannot synthesize their own food and depend on other organisms for food. Hence they are heterotrophic. They are multicellular in nature. A cobra belongs to the class Repltiles and a house sparrow belongs to the class Aves. Thus, a house sparrow and a cobra are similar to each other in being multicellular, heterotrophic and not belonging to the class mammals.
