Answer: Hasty generalization.
Explanation: You immediately assumed that because you met two Californians that were tan, you assumed that all Californians are tan, despite only meeting two. Thus, it's a hasty generalization.
Answer: The author's attitude toward a subject, topic, or character of a piece of literature is called tone.
Explanation: The tone is evident from the author's choice of vocabulary, and how seriously, humorously, angrily (etc.) s/he tells the story.
The tone of the author usually influences the mood of the reader.
The description that best defines the term <em>metaphysical conceit </em>would be unusual comparisons to describe commonplace things.
For example, John Donne wrote a poem called <em>The Flea </em>in which he is talking about a mere insect on the surface level, whereas in fact he is using metaphysical conceit to talk about a romantic intercourse through the metaphor of a flee.
Answer:
The Monitor Evaluator (thought-oriented)
The Specialist (thought-oriented)
The Plant (thought-oriented)
The Shaper (action-oriented)
The Implementer (action-oriented)
The Completer/Finisher (action-oriented)
The Coordinator (people-oriented)
The Team Worker (people-oriented)