A.Energy,Water,Sunshine, Protection
Answer:
1. FtsZ tubulin homolog
2. actin and tubulin
3. actin and tubulin
4. b. animals and bacteria
Explanation:
1. In bacteria, the binary fission process takes place when the cytoskeletal structure of the bacteria are assembled to form the contractile ring in the centre of the cell. The contractile ring in bacteria is composed of the Z-protein which is a tubulin homolog.
2. Plants: the plants divide by the cell plate formation and not the contractile ring formation. This is mediated by the actin, tubulin and vesicle produced from the dictyosomes.
3. Animals: a contractile ring attached to the plasma membrane is formed which is composed of the F-actin and tubulin.
4. Since the bacteria and animal cytokinesis involves the formation of the contractile ring and thus the same mechanism of cytokinesis.
Answer:
Why don't we have a complete fossil record of all life that's ever lived? Fossil formation requires a rare mix of physical and biological conditions. Fossils must be exposed at Earth's surface to have a chance of being found. Fossils can be destroyed when rocks erode, melt, or change composition.
Explanation:
For many reasons, the fossil record is not complete. Most organisms decomposed or were eaten by scavengers after death. Many species lacked hard parts, which are much more likely to fossilize. Some rocks and the fossils they contained have eroded and disappeared.
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B. Solar system galaxy universe Earth
Answer:
Pathogens cause infection by entering the organism and infecting a host in order to reproduce. As they replicate themselves, the pathogen spreads and becomes more harmful. The immune system consists of lymphocytes and phagocytes which help kill the pathogen. The lymphocytes produce antibodies which can latch on and destroy invading viruses or bacteria. The phagocytes have the ability to ingest the pathogen by engulfing it.
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