People feared the banks would close, which would result in losing all their money. This was around the Great Depression era. A lot of banks were closing because people were withdrawing there assets before they lost it all.
The middle east is the birthplace of two major world religions, Islam and Judaism. The middle east is also a very important area throughout the Bible, the book of Christianity.
We know this by dating the structures, evidence of life there long before anywhere else and by the Bible. You can also look into other sources of history too. There is a ton of info on Egypt provided by scrolls a old writing on stone tablets.
It was composed of escaped African slaves located in Brazil, which saw internal conflict leading to its demise at the hands of the Portuguese