There are several reasons why many South Americans move from rural to urban areas, but in general many do this because there are more opportunities and higher pay in urban areas.
C: the italian peninsula
see this map:
Pollution, deforestation, urbanisation
The Divine Right of Kings Theory- spiritual power was given to certain as sovereigns of the state and thus absolute power of his subjects. The Social Contract Theory- the state is essentially a contract between the leader and the people.