Capillaries; veins; arteries
Capillaries allow materials to be exchanged between the blood and tissues, veins carry blood towards the heart, and arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Capillaries are small blood vessels through which molecules such as oxygen and glucose enter the cells.
Veins are tubes or blood vessels that transport blood toward the heart. Veins mostly transport deoxygenated blood towards the heart except the pulmonary and umbilical veins, which transports oxygenated blood toward heart.
Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart to other parts of the body. Arteries have elastic walls and they are stronger and thicker than veins.
Answer:
Only one of the three statement is true; and that is,
(ii.) Different metabolic end products result from the two types of fermentation
Explanation:
Fermentation is the process by which organic molecules such as glucose are broken down into smaller molecules to extract energy as ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Fermentation is carried out by many organisms including man.
In man, fermentation occurs in very active skeletal muscles such as in an athlete running. It involves the reduction of pyruvate produced from the glycolytic pathway to lactate in the muscles. The net yield of ATP from glucose breakdown to produce lactate is 2 ATP molecules.
In microorganisms such as yeast, the fermentation product of py ruvate derived from glycolysis is ethanol and carbon dioxide, CO₂. The net ATP yield in fermentation of glucose in yeast cells is also 2 ATP molecules.
From the options provided in the questions, the correct option is:
Only one of the three statement is true and that is that, ii. Different metabolic end products result from the two types of fermentation.
In its second messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called kinases, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
<h3>What is a kinase?</h3>
A kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of phosphate group and thus regulates cell signaling.
Moreover, phosphatases are enzyme that catalyze the removal of a phosphate group in a protein.
In conclusion, in its second messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called kinases, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
Learn more about phosphatases here:
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