In the 1950s the world was focused on other things. It was a post-war period in which two superpowers like the USA and the Soviet Union were disputing the supremacy of the world in what was called the cold war. In 1950 the Korean war started. The problem of Civil Rights was latent but international conflicts and the cold war distracted somehow the agenda of leaders and people.
In 1756, the major powers shifted their alliances and Prussia allied with Britain while France allied with Austria, a change known as the diplomatic revolution. ... All the participants of the Seven Years' War: [blue] Great Britain, Prussia, Portugal, with allies; [green] France, Spain, Austria, Russia, Sweden with allies.
Through checks and balances
Checks and balances is the system that gives each of the three branches of government ways to limit the power of other branches. Executive branch, the legislative branch has the power to over ride vetos and impeach a president.