The formula for exponential growth rate is:
A = Ao e^(k t)
where A is the final standard of living, Ao is the
initial, k is the growth rate constant in decimal = 0.08, t is time elapsed
So we will find t at A/Ao = 2
A/Ao = e^(k t)
2 = e^( 0.08 t)
t = 8.66 ~ since more than therefore 9
So by the time they reached age 29
Answer:
Multiple IRRs:
Said another way, Multiple IRRs occur when a project has more than one <em>internal rate of return.</em> The problem arises where a project has non-normal cash flow (non-conventional cash flow pattern).
Internal rate of return (IRR) is one of the most commonly used capital budgeting tools. Investors make decisions by comparing the IRR of the project under consideration with the <em>hurdle rate</em>. If the IRR is greater than the hurdle rate, the project is accepted, otherwise it is rejected. When there are more than two IRRs, it is not exactly clear which IRR to compare with the hurdle rate.
Hurdle rate is the minimum required rate of return which businesses use as a benchmark to decide whether to invest in a project or not.
<em>So a typical situation which can generate negative cashflows which can in turn lead to multiple IRRs towards the end of the project is where the conditions of investment become adverse towards the end of the project.</em>
Imagine that toward the end of the lifecycle of a project, a forecasted increase external costs such as Interest Rate, influenced by government policies translates to an erosion of the bottom line generated by the business in that year.
Period 0 1 3 3 4 5
Unconventional cash flows ($)-19,000 16,000 16,000 6,000 6,000 -52,000
The series is non-conventional cash-flow pattern, which has two sign changes. This is the range in which the net present value of the non-conventional cash flow series is positive. The multiple IRR problem poses a series problem to analysts because the decision is not obvious.
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Answer:
D) foreign; domestic
Explanation:
The central Bank can improve the domestic currency by using the reserves. If the domestic currency undervalued the central bank may intervene to sell the Foreign currency and purchase the domestic currency, which will increase the demand of domestic currency and increase the supply of foreign currency in the market which will improve the value of domestic currency and undervalue the foreign currency.
Free market economies allocate resources through demand and supply with minimal government intervention.
private ownership- all factors of production within the economy are owned mainly by private individuals and organizations.
Free enterprise- owners of factors of production and producers of a goods and services a free to produce what they want through the market forces of demand and supply.
Competition- <span>Companies have a competitive drive, thus better quality goods and more variety of products which are at lower prices. (more productively efficient )</span>
Answer:
2. VARIED FROM PERSON TO PERSON
Explanation:
