C. There are two types of glaciers: Alpine and Continental
Answer:
B. Both mussels and barnacles live in the tidal ecosystems.
Explanation:
Mussels are <u>small bivalve molluscs that are adapted to both marine and freshwater ecosystems</u>. Barnacles, on the other hand, <u>are arthropods that are adapted to marine ecosystems. However, both are adapted to shallow and </u><u>tidal</u><u> zones</u>.
Both organisms are small and have the capacity to live in tidal ecosystems where they thrive and play important ecological roles. For instance, barnacles are filtering organisms, which is extremely important for the food chain, and mussels filter out significant amounts of excess nutrients and metals, that is, they make the water more suitable and clean for organisms to live.
As they are both adapted to tidal ecosystems, this would be an example of an adaptation that allows similar species, in this case mussels and barnacles, to live in the same environment.
Answer:
Option D- frequency of the heterozygous qenotype
Explanation:
In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium , 2pq stands for the genotype frequency of heterozygotes (Aa) in a population at the state of equilibrium. dominant homozygotes (AA) is represented by the p-square and q- square represents the recessive homozygotes (aa) frequency. p represents the allele frequency of A Allele and q stands for the allele frequency of the allele a. Summation of the terms gives an equal to 1(100%). The sum of all of these terms is always equal to due to the fact that the 3 frequencies in the equation are the available or possible allele combinations.
Hardy-Weinberg is relevant for it helps us in comparison of a population's actual genetic structure as time goes on along with the genetic structure we are to get if really population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state that is population was not evolving.
1.1
Meiosis I
The first meiotic division: diploid → haploid
Prophase I: Chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane dissolves, homologous chromosomes join and occurs crossing over.
Metaphase-I: the homologous chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Spindle fibers from the centrosomes connect to the chromosomes.
Anaphase -I: Spindle fibers contract and split the homologous chromosomes, moving them to opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase -I: Chromosomes decondense; cell divides to form two haploid cells.
1.2 Meiosis II
The second division: separates sister chromatids (these chromatids may not be identical due to crossing over in prophase I)
Prophase II: Chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane dissolves, centrosomes move to opposite poles (perpendicular to before)
Metaphase-II: the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Spindle fibers from the centrosomes connect to the chromosomes (at the centromere)
Anaphase-II: Spindle fibers contract and split the sister chromatids, and moves them to opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase-II: Chromosomes decondense,cells divides again to form another 2 haploid daughter cells. Final: 4 new cells.
2. The differences:
Mitosis:
- has 1 division per cycle
- one cell produces 2 new cells
- the genetic information in the mother-cell and the daughter-cells are the same. ( the number of chromosomes is also the same)
- it occurs in somatic cells
Meiosis:
- two divisions per cycle
- one cell when divides produces 4 new cells
- the new cells have different genetic information. mixes the genetic material from the parent cells
- the number of chromosomes of the daughter cells is half of the mother's.
3. Prokaryotic organisms don't divide through mitosis, they use a different process called binary fission. Only eukaryotic organisms, or those whose cells have a defined nuclei, undergo mitosis. Bacteria, for example, are prokaryotic organisms that use binary fission.
4.
It can't occur. Cross over is the exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes. That will result in recombinant chromosomes during sexual reproduction. It can't occur on different chromosomes because they don't code for the same genes.
5. There are a lot of different theories about that, but it's mostly believed that meiosis must evolve before sexual reproduction. That's because The cell replicates their information first and then divides. Plus the cell does that even though it didn't recombine DNA with another organism (sexual reproduction).
