Answer:
Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNA and DNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, but they have slightly different chemical properties. The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Each sequence of three bases, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three bases that does not code for an amino acid).
The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. It is so important that it is sometimes called the “central dogma.”
Answer:
I don't completely understand what you mean by disease. If you're talking about an infectious disease, then, the answer will be ALL OF THE ABOVE
Explanation:
Infections are contagious, communicable diseases that can spread rapidly through contact with an infected person, animal or an environment that contains large quantities of a pathogen.
Infectious diseases that spread from animals to humans are called zoonotic diseases. The animal acts as a vector, with the pathogen either lying dormant or as a symbiont. For example, the Congo virus is an example of a zoonotic disease that spreads to humans from cattle.
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
as the atrium contracts , blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve. when the ventricle is full, the tricuspid valve shust . this prevents blood from flowing backward into the right atrium while the ventricle contracts
Answer:
The genotype of the offspring will be a combination of the genes inherited from both parents. Phenotype is how the genes are expressed. Click to see full answer. Simply so, what are the possible phenotypes? Blood type exists as four possible phenotypes: A, B, AB, & O
Explanation:
Cells are the smallest objects biologists study
