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AMERICANS do not go in for envy. The gap between rich and poor is bigger than in any other advanced country, but most people are unconcerned. Whereas Europeans fret about the way the economic pie is divided, Americans want to join the rich, not soak them. Eight out of ten, more than anywhere else, believe that though you may start poor, if you work hard, you can make pots of money. It is a central part of the American Dream.
The political consensus, therefore, has sought to pursue economic growth rather than the redistribution of income, in keeping with John Kennedy's adage that “a rising tide lifts all boats.” The tide has been rising fast recently. Thanks to a jump in productivity growth after 1995, America's economy has outpaced other rich countries' for a decade. Its workers now produce over 30% more each hour they work than ten years ago. In the late 1990s everybody shared in this boom. Though incomes were rising fastest at the top, all workers' wages far outpaced inflation.
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Kennedy says that most historians agree that American entry into World War I tipped the scales against Germany and that without the participation of the United States the Allies would have lost, “defined as having to make a compromise peace with the Germans largely on German terms.”
The preamble to the Declaration of Independence establishes the philosophical and political underpinning to the new nation's decision to sever its ties to Great Britain. In the preamble, Jefferson calls on Enlightenment philosophy to explain why the new country is justified in breaking away from Great Britain.
The name given to Gorbachev's policy of political openness was called "glasnost." This usually meant a sort of openness or transparency for politics, such as that the press and the public could attend court hearings and that the sentence would be read out in public.