Answer:
a) the advantages a candidate who is running for re-election has over the candidate trying to unseat him or her
Explanation:
Incumbency effect can be defined as the advantages a candidate who is running for re-election has over the candidate trying to unseat him or her in a democratic election process.
Basically, it refers to the tendency (phenomenon) for public officials such as senators or house of representative members who are already holding power (office) to get re-elected over an opposition. This ultimately implies that, a candidate contesting with an incumbent candidate is automatically placed at a disadvantage to emerge as the winner election due to the power of incumbency (incumbency effect).
<em>Additionally, the incumbency effect is peculiar to democratic elections and most favorable or stronger for the house of representative members.</em>
A action that is part of a citizen's responsibility is to pay taxes and to for representatives.
The main reason why most Americans rejected Marxism in the early 1900s is because the United States economy was doing quite well thanks to the Industrial Revolution--the core ideals of which went against the main ideals of Marxism.
<span>Advancements in navigation. The Gupta Empire were very advanced in the fields of technology, science and art. The scholar Aryabhatta calculated that a solar </span>year was 365.358, <span>he also calculated </span>pi<span> to the fourth decimal place at a </span>value of 3.1416. <span>Kings in the </span>Gupta empire<span> owned huge copper, gold, and iron mines, and made advancements in metalworking. </span>
Answer:
B. Interchangeable parts were identical parts that could be exchanged for one another in the manufacture of guns, clocks, and other goods.
Explanation:
